Human Population Growth Essay

No matter what organism you are talking about, all living things possess the ability to reproduce. This comes in two forms. The first form of population growth is Exponential Population Growth. The second is Logistic Population Growth. Exponential population growth refers to when a population is not subject to any limiting factors, it will grow and expand exponentially even past the capacity of the environment to sustain. Rabbits are a good example of this form of population growth, â€Å"Thus, the exponential growth model explains how a few dozen rabbits can multiply into millions and overrun a continent. † (Simon, Reece, & Dickey, 2010) Logistic population growth refers to when a population reaches the capacity of the environment to sustain, the population growth declines. Fur seals of St. Paul Island are a good example of this, â€Å"After hunting was controlled, the population increased rapidly until about 1935, when it began to level off and started fluctuating around a population size of about 10,000 bull seals—the carrying capacity for St. Paul Island. † (Simon, Reece, & Dickey, 2010) Humans tend to exhibit exponential forms of population growth. We rapidly reproduce and expand, exceeding the carrying capacity of the environment. This leads to us spreading to other areas and exceeding the carrying capacity there as well.

Principal’s Role in Teachers Motivation

INTRODUCTION The principal or leader of any learning institution is the key component in creating an effective school. In creating an effective school, the principal must be effective in his role as a leader. The principal is the centre of attention and will be observed by teachers, students and parents. In addition, the principal is the one who should lead by example. Then it is of utmost importance that the principal exhibits qualities of an effective leader that are conducive to creating an effective school. School culture and the relationship that the parents, teachers and students have with the school have been linked closely to school effectiveness. According to Sergiovanni (2000), most successful leaders will tell you that getting the culture right and paying attention to how parents, teachers and students define and experience meaning are two widely accepted rules for creating effective schools. O’Hanlon and Clifton (2004) posit that the principal is on stage all the time and must be effective in maintaining order and establishing a sense of integrity for the school. Having an effective school can be seen as the ‘life blood’ of every principal and highlights the type of leadership style used by the principal to bring about such a school. In addition, school effectiveness results in teachers’ satisfaction and a high level of academic achievement by the students. An effective school is seen as one that promotes the progress of its students in a broad range of intellectual, social and emotional outcomes, where students progress further than might be expected from knowledge of their backgrounds (Sammons et al. , 1995). STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The purpose of this study is to identify the role of principal in creating an effective school. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY We can all remember childhood moments when at school, the principal would announce at full assembly the outstanding performance of some athletes or the spelling team for achieving first place in the spelling competition. The expression on the faces of the principal, teachers and students is evidence that the school has achieved something great. It is moments like these that we vividly remember and recall the events with much joy and anticipation. However school effectiveness and the principal’s role are of major concern to principals, teachers, students and parents. For some concern parents, the principal is the deciding factor when it comes to the school that their child will attend. If the principal is one that they believe to have good leadership qualities, they will be comfortable that their child or children will do well at that particular school. It would be extremely difficult for schools to be effective if they are characterised by ineffective leaders or low achieving students. Literature clearly states that a strong leader and high student achievement are clear indicators of an effective school. An effective principal supports high student achievement and ensures that staff makes worthy contributions towards the school being effective (O’Hanlon & Clifton, 2004). This research paper will be guided by the following questions: What are the factors influencing school effectiveness? What are the qualities of an effective principal? How does school effectiveness impact on student achievement? SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This paper seeks to show the importance of the role of the principal in creating an effective school. It will also examine the qualities needed by the principal in order to create an effective school and points out that the student is first priority in an effective school. Research of this topic will also provide educators, researchers and policy holders with a better understanding of effective schools and principal leadership and how they can improve on these areas. This study will also examine the views of the teachers, students and parents in relation to the relationship between school effectiveness and principal leadership. DEFINITION OF TERMS It is important that the following terms be defined in the context in which they are used in this paper: Effective school- achieves exceptional academic performances and engenders students who are disciplined and well-rounded. Role- a socially expected behavioural pattern usually determined by an individual’s status in a particular society Principal- a person who has controlling authority or is in a leading position School culture- a set of common understandings for organizing actions and language and other symbolic vehicles for expressing common understandings Student achievement- refers to academic success by a student LITERATURE REVIEW Significant efforts have been made in recent times to establish a relationship between effective schools and principal leadership. This is supported by Rice (2010) as she cites Horng et al. , (2009) who states that for decades, the principal has been recognized as an important contributor to the effectiveness of the school and furthermore the principal constitutes the core of the leadership team in school and influences a variety of school outcomes which include student achievement, through their recruitment and motivation of quality teachers and the ability to identify and articulate school vision and goals. Ubben et al. , (2011) define an effective school as one that is achieving high and equitable levels of student learning. They further state that there are seven correlates of an effective school which are as follows: 1. Clear School Mission 2. High Expectations for Success 3. Instructional Leadership 4. Frequent Mentoring of Student Progress 5. Opportunity to Learn and Time on Task 6. Safe and Orderly Environment 7. Home/School Relations Edmonds and Lezotte (2008) offer another perspective of an effective school. They state that 95 percent or more of the students at each grade level must demonstrate minimum academic mastery and are prepared to succeed in the next grade anywhere in the United States, there shall be no significant difference in the proportion of students demonstrating minimum academic mastery as a function of socioeconomic class and the above two conditions must be obtained for a minimum of three consecutive years. Sergiovanni (2009) posits that an effective school is understood to be a school whose students achieve well in basic skills as measured by achievement tests. He also opines that an effective school is one with a shared covenant clearly articulating the school's core values and providing a standard by which actions will be judged (Sergiovanni, 1992).

Autonomous Learner Characteristics

Autonomous Learner Characteristics INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Looking back in time, English language were used once during the Cambodian Republic Regime (1970 – 1975), but thereafter, English was completely banned during the Genocidal Regime of Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge; in 1993, for the first National Election in Cambodia, English language emerged again in this country with the arrival of United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) (Narith, 2008). Since then the popularity of English language has gradually grown among Cambodian people. According to Crystal (1997) indicates that English language gains its popularity in the world due to political power, military power and economic power. In Cambodia, because of local and international business, international non-governmental organizations, job requirements, consumerism, computers and mass media, young people are encouraged to learn English as a foreign language (Narith, 2008). Further, Igawa (2008) studies about English language an d its education in Cambodia states that â€Å"communicative competence in English means a better job and a better pay for Cambodian people†. That is why English language is encouraged and promoted to learn. Concerning English language learning, Cambodian students culturally seem to be respectful, obedient, and passive towards their teachers. This happens because of the traditional classroom, which is commonly practiced and mainly focused on teacher-centered approach. This approach offers fewer opportunities to students to engage in their learning, because the teacher always plays a role as a knowledge transmitter to students. Moreover, there is little interaction among teachers and students. The teacher usually spends a great deal of time speaking and explaining in the class; while students are required to sit passively and listen to the teacher attentively (Wang, 2007). However, after the communicative language teaching has emerged in Cambodia over the last ten years, the ro le of teacher and student has been gradually changed in modern classroom. In other words, there is a shift from a teacher-centered approach to a learner-centered approach, which offers students more possibilities to actively engage in their learning process. Since this shift occurs, learners are viewed as the main source of information for learning process, which the practice of learner autonomy begins to grow in language learning and teaching (Benson, 2001). Holec (1981) was the first person who coined the term â€Å"learner autonomy† and defined it as â€Å"the ability to take charge of one’s own learning†. Autonomous learning encourages a very active role of learners and focuses on greater students’ initiative rather teacher-centered direction. (Eyob, 2008). Tudor (1993) also states that learner-centeredness is not a method, nor may it be decreased to a set of rules. It is, however, an approach, which views students to have more active and participator y roles in the learning and teaching process than in traditional approaches. Additionally, this approach requires different classroom activities, the structures of which are decided by students themselves resulting in increases in students’ involvement and motivation. There is also a parallel change in the teacher’s role in learner-centered classrooms. The teacher is less likely to dominate classroom events in contrast to traditional classrooms where the learning environment is teacher-centered and teachers are considered as authorities.

Analyze a film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyze a film - Essay Example The education has led to the exclusion of the brothers from the rest of society. Moreover, the community is also shown to be united and caring. The unity is seen in contribution for support of Delbert trial(Berlinger and Sinofsky 1). The community also is seen as caring as one of the neighbors agrees to drive Delbert home to know the sate of his brother (Berlinger and Sinofsky 1). The film creates various perceptions on people. As a result, people are described based on that perception. An example of identity scripts is the depiction of brothers as poor. The brothers are shown living in poor housing conditions (Berlinger and Sinofsky 1). The reflected appraisal is seen as people view the brothers as being dirty and hence unable to have girlfriends. On the other hand, the lack of girlfriends make society views the brothers as practicing incest. Social comparison is seen through lives of the community. The brothers are depicted as less fortunate and hence attract ridicule of the community. On the other hand, the other part of community is depicted as being fortunate in life. The definitions affect identities of individuals involved as perception about them is based on their conditions (Berlinger and Sinofsky 1). In the film, there is a view that lack of relationship in all the brothers is an indication they are gay. As a result, the semen found on William is believed to be because of sexual interaction with the brother (Berlinger and Sinofsky 1). The brothers are affected by this generalization as they go through the rigorous process of trial. On the other hand, the community is affected by trial, as it is perceived to have neglected the brothers. There are variations of the perspectives in the documentary. One of the Views is the local community view that the brothers are wrongly accused (Berlinger and Sinofsky 1). On the other hand, the outsiders see the death as resulting from intimacy. The locals base their

How to Find, Capture, and Control the Most Lucrative Markets in Any Assignment

How to Find, Capture, and Control the Most Lucrative Markets in Any Business - Assignment Example In order to compete effectively, the business unit needs to adopt the strategy which motivates the customers to buy the product and use the service of this business unit.   For example, the product line can be very differentiated or innovative, the appealing marketing campaigns, the exclusivity of the service, and, of course, the price should be maintained lower than competitors.   Nevertheless, the lowering of price does not guarantee success on the market.   The monopolistic or perfectly competitive firms do not have to consider the price setting of the rivals but the oligopolistic or the monopolistically competitive firms do.  If the company is producing the unique good and no substitutes exist, and the other firms are prevented from participation in production by some barriers, such as patent rights, the market for this good becomes monopolistic. The perfectly competitive firm has an influence over the market price by deciding how much the good should cost – the pr oducer does not have to adjust the price of the good to the market price. Monopolistic firms are price seekers, not price takers (Lele 2005). Therefore, monopoly grants the right to control the market, even though the firms still have to find the optimum price for their product – the buyers can refuse to buy at the price they consider too high for the value they get.  The monopolistic business unit has the strategy of finding the level of output that maximizes the profits and minimizes the losses – the same for perfectly competitive firms. The most profitable level of production in monopoly is when marginal cost equals marginal revenue – in the case with perfectly competitive firms, the marginal cost should equal the average revenue (price). Monopolistic firms are profitable, but unlike competitive firms, the new firms are not attracted into the industry. If the market is competitive, the new entrants ensure the increase in output and, as a result, the fall in price. Monopolistic market structure blocks such entries and therefore the price remains at the most suitable for the firm level (Kreps 1990).

Social Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Social Change - Essay Example There certainly have been various debates regarding the best form of governance that will maintain the Social Order or the Social Coherence of the people in general. The idea of society was born out of the fact that there needed to be a social coherence and security. As we can see in Scott Sernau’s essay, regarding the development of governance, right from the tribal days to the present kind of welfare-state; the present-day types of governance didn’t just sprout from the ground. It has taken a natural course until the time of the development of socialism by various philosophers. Post the era of socialism, there has been the interference of imperialistic rule, attacks against socialism-in the form of pseudo-capitalism etc. Let us look at five varied kinds of governance and compare the cases in depth. To begin from the beginning, governance was essentially Autocratic, which lent major amounts of power to one single ruler, who was determined to bring the people together and control their behavior. This formed the beginning of any kind of governance maintaining the premise that Humans essentially need to be governed. Usually the person who governed such states was known as a ‘dictator’ or an ‘autocrat’. (Perlman 1). The state was given birth to, by this kind of a rule, which marked the beginning of governance and governments. The rule is thereby continued by way of Nepotism, since; usually the throne of the ruler is taken over by the son or any other close descendant of the ruler. Autocracy or Chiefdom, slowly led to the formation of the nation-state. The formation of the nation-state is one of the more modern phenomenon since the times of the ‘despots’. This is the kind of governance that eventually led to the two World Wars. It is important to know the implications of the Nation-State since it led to the formation of ruling and opposition parties which is practiced even until today. There came to be collective consciousness among the

European Union Law Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European Union Law Bachelor - Essay Example Everyday, we checked on our television to know the latest news about our community, about stocks and investments, about movies and of what's happening all over the world. Since the first television broadcast in England in 1936, using a modern level of definition of more than 240 lines, new developments had been made including CableCARD , Digital television (DTV), Digital Video Recorders, Direct Broadcast Satellite TV (DBS), DVD, High Definition TV (HDTV) and many others. Through television, a lot of telecommunication companies has been put up which provides work for millions of people. It is where product commercials are aired. It is also where public concerns and responsibilities were discussed. While each and every national government has set up its own rules with regards to telecommunication, the European Union has also set its guidelines and policies to maintain and level the playing fields of the telecommunication competition. In this era where digital technologies were making its way to communication highways and prospectively play a much bigger role in the future, the European Union has identified the needs of introducing digital technologies harmoniously into the market. ... on Law in the light of the European courts of Luxenbourg considering the aims of competition law in the EU, and the history of European competition law. In this paper, the main elements of the European Union with regards to digital Television (DTV) and High Definition Television (HDTV) will be critically assessed. There are 6 different areas of audiovisual activities which are covered by the commission. According to the Principles and guidelines for the Community's audiovisual policy in the digital age (2005), On the basis of these principles, the Commission intends to take action in the following fields: cultural and linguistic diversity; the new "Media plus" programme, considered to be of crucial importance for the future of the European audiovisual industry. In all areas of action (training, development, distribution, promotion) this new programme will take account of the new digital environment. Research and development. The Fifth Framework Programme for Research and Development provides for a number of action lines of interest to the audiovisual sector. The external dimension of Community audiovisual policy will necessarily hinge around two central elements: the enlargement of the European Union and the new round of multilateral trade negotiations in the framework of the World Trade Organisation. The "Television without Frontiers "Directive This Directive which was adopted in 1989 and revised in 1997, based from Television broadcasting activities: "Television without Frontiers" (TVWF) Directive (2006) is the cornerstone of the European Union's audiovisual policy. Its two basic principles were: the free movement of European television programmes within the internal market; and the requirement that television channels, where practicable, reserve over half

Neural System Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Neural System Development - Essay Example (Gill, 2008). To understand neural development different experimental approaches are done in different model system. The distinction between inherited genetic code (genotype) and the corresponding organism (phenotype) is the cornerstone of biology. Genotype is the one that is inherited from the parents. The complete individual that is formed according to the instructions specified in the genotype is the phenotype. One of the model is the simple genetic encoding, direct genotype-phenotype mapping. Deciding on how to encode the network in the genotype that suitable for the application of the genetic operators is important to evolve neural networks. To be able for an individual at the level of the genotype assumes the form of a string of identical elements; phenotypical characteristics are coded in a uniform manner. The transformation of the genotype into the phenotypical network is called genotype-to-phenotype mapping. (Canglenosi, Nolfi, Parisi). One to one mapping has several drawbacks one of the m is scalability. The space to be searched evolutionary process increases exponentially with the size of the network (Kitano, 1990), because of the length of the genotype is proportional to the complexity of the corresponding phenotype. Another method using the genotype and the phenotype is the growing method. The genotype-to-phenotype process in nature is not only an abstract mapping of information from genotype to phenotype but it is also a process of physical growth (growth in size and in physical structure).( Canglenosi, Nolfi, Parisi). By executing the inherited growing instruction the phenotype is progressively built. Below is the illustration of the development of an evolved neural network. The upper part is the growing and branching process of the axons. The lower part of the illustration is the resulting network after removal of nonconnecting branches and the elimination of isolated neurons and groups of interconnected neurons. Source: http://www.tech.plym.ac.uk/soc/staff/angelo/papers/cangelosi-in-bentley.pdf Cellular Encodings - In natural organisms folding in of the ectodermic tissue which forms the neural crest is the beginning of the development of the nervous system. This gives rise to the mature nervous system in succession of three phases: the genesis and proliferation of different classes of neurons by cellular duplication and differentiation, the migration of neurons toward their final destination, and the growth of neuritis (axons,dendrites). Several experimental approaches in modelling neural development are increasing. The above models are study focused by the paper written by Cangolosi, Nolfi, Parisi. Above models are only some of the studies done by several researchers. Reference: Cangelosi, Nolfi, Parisi, Artificial Life Models of Neural Development http://www.tech.plym.ac.uk/soc/staff/angelo/papers/cangelosi-in-bentley.pdf Kitano H. (1990). Designing neural networks using genetic

Competitive Advantage through people Research Paper

Competitive Advantage through people - Research Paper Example 21). However, the company does not only boast a highly competitive pricing strategy, but also a premium people management approach that provided the company enduring success. Southwest’s most powerful organizational competency—the ‘secret ingredient’ that makes it so distinctive—is its ability to build and sustained high performance relationships among managers, employees, unions, and suppliers. These relationships are characterized by shared goals, shared knowledge, and mutual respect (Gittell, 2005, 52). To operate, airlines require physical resources, such as airplanes, airstrip, pilots, cabin crew, etc. These physical resources can be accessed by numerous companies in the marketplace; hence it is hard to develop them as a sustainable competitive advantage. Even availability of unprocessed or capital resources, before a great entry barrier, is more attainable due to the growth of international markets (Lovelock & Wright, 2002). However, it is the intangible assets that sustainable competitive advantage rests. Accrued experience or knowledge throughout the years, or referred to as corporate culture, is very hard to imitate (Parker, 2007). Companies like Apple, Coca-Cola, and General Electric rise from a venture of time and effort. These are springs of competitive advantage. The task is to determine the factors that strengthen this competitive advantage and the way toward sustainability (Parker, 2007). In fact, it is not the resources, regardless of how inimitable or intangible they are, that best generate competitive advantage; the solution toward sustainable competitive advantage is the way these resources are used (Gittell, 2005). Simply, the failure or success of a company relies on how the people within it utilize these resources. Basically, the competitive advantage of a company is its people. The quality of management, the manner in which

W.B.Yeats and Thomas Hardy Essay Example for Free

W.B.Yeats and Thomas Hardy Essay 1. Imagery: It is the use of figurative language to create visual representations of actions, objects and ideas in our mind in such a way that they appeal to our physical senses. For example: The room was dark and gloomy. -The words â€Å"dark† and â€Å"gloomy† are visual images. The river was roaring in the mountains. – The word â€Å"roaring† appeals to our sense of hearing. 2. Simile and Metaphor: Both compare two distinct objects and draws similarity between them. The difference is that Simile uses â€Å"as† or â€Å"like† and Metaphor does not. For example: â€Å"My love is like a red red rose† (Simile) He is an old fox very cunning. (Metaphor) 3. Hyperbole: It is deliberate exaggeration of actions and ideas for the sake of emphasis. For example: Your bag weighs a ton!  I have got a million issues to look after! 4. Personification: It gives a thing, an idea or an animal human qualities. For example: The flowers are dancing beside the lake.  Have you see my new car? She is a real beauty! 5. Alliteration: It refers to the same consonant sounds in words coming together. For example: Better butter always makes the batter better. She sells seashells at seashore. 6. Allegory: It is a literary technique in which an abstract idea is given a form of characters, actions or events. For example: â€Å"Animal Farm†, written by George Orwell, is an example allegory using the actions of animals on a farm to represent the overthrow of the last of the Russian Tsar Nicholas II and the Communist Revolution of Russia before WW II. In addition, the actions of the animals on the farm are used to expose the greed and corruption of the Revolution. 7. Irony: It is use of the words in such a way in which the intended meaning is completely opposite to their literal meaning. For example: The bread is soft as a stone. So nice of you to break my new PSP! Function of Literary Devices In general, the literary devices are a collection of universal artistic structures that are so typical of all works of literature frequently employed by the writers to give meanings and a logical framework to their works through language. When such works are read by readers, they ultimately recognize and appreciate them. Because of their universality, they also allow the readers to compare a work of one writer to that of the other to determine its worth. They not only beautify the piece of literature but also give deeper meanings to it, testing the very understanding of the readers along with providing them enjoyment of reading. Besides, they help motivating readers’ imagination to visualize the characters and scenes more clearly.

Fashion in the Twenty First Century | History of Fashion

Fashion in the Twenty First Century | History of Fashion Fashion has launched full throttle, changing outrageously through different eras of time. Have you ever thought about how much fashion has changed over the course of time? Have you wondered why it has changed so dramatically? Or how fast it could change? Although the way we dress now is completely different, it all revolves around making fashion statements. Fashion in the twenty first century is made from all the changes in the nineteenth and twentieth centurys and has impacted the lives of many people in different ways. During the nineteenth century, the clothes that men and woman wore were not always what would have been preferred to be worn. Depending on the time of the day would depend on which outfit a lady would wear. For a casual morning look, worn only at home would be a dress made with a short neckline, long slick pattern and would cover the majority of any skin exposed. For an evening look, a long short sleeved dress with an open neckline and white gloves would be what was usually seen. Woman would have tailors hand design replicas of professionally designed clothing at an affordable price to fit the latest styles (19th; Fashion through the Ages from Overcoats to Petticoats 13). During the mid 1800s, all outfits worn by woman were consisted of different materials to complete a whole wardrobe. The ensemble that woman wore, composed of pantalettes, chemise, corset and a petticoat. Pantalettes were an article of clothing wore under everything else. Pantalettes were leg length under garments made from linen or silk, designed with tucks and flounces to give a layered look toward the feet. A chemise, pronounced as shimmy, was the main one piece under garment worn over the pantalettes. A corset would be worn over the chemise; it is an article of clothing worn on the upper half of a woman, used to add lift to the bust area and to add shape to the waist and hips. The higher the waistline the better, a high waistline would draw attention away from the natural shape of the waistline. Due to how tightly a corset would be worn, caused health problems for some woman. The corset is pulled together so tightly that it would squeeze the inner organs of a womans body together causing digestive problems and may cause issues with giving birth to a child; also it could even result in death. According to the weather outside and the season would determine whether or not a petticoat would be necessary to wear. Gloves and bonnets were always worn. Long beautiful hair with possible curls through it was often seen during the early 1800s (Fashion through the Ages from Overcoats to Petticoats 14; 1900s; 19th;Fashion through). Through the 1850s to the1890s, new inventions had progressed. Synthetic dyes were invented to create a new variety of colors along with hoops that had come into effect, giving the new style of dress wear a way to be different. Hoops were a new style for woman to try and had become very popular. The thin steel wired dress made it fun for woman to look up to part. Having a new style approaching, the bodies of woman became odd. Due to the harsh bodily trauma caused by the corset most women developed an S shape body structure. The stomach would be pressed back and the breast would be pushed forward. Soon after the strange body change in a woman the corset was banned and officially out of style. Woman became more involved with activities around this time as well. Not being able to do much in a dress, more comfortable clothes were designed for woman; this included blouses and wide trousers. Also worn around this time were womens suits, which were a tailored jacket, a skirt and a blouse you could tuck into the skirt (Fashion Change; Fashion through the Ages from Overcoats to Petticoats 15). From the nineteenth century to the twentieth century fashion changed drastically, going from hoops, which was a large ensemble to more slender apparel. During the early twentieth century, corsets had come back in to action with a softer feel on a woman, making the S shape more relaxing. In the 1920s, women were known as a flapper, overcoming a boyish look, due to the short haircuts; such as the bob, short skirts, and straight dresses. Woman insisted on working and being more involved with sports during this time. Designers started to try out new hemlines, making them long in the back but shorter in the front. Waistlines were exceptionally low at this time, while hemlines were just below the knee (Fashion through the Ages from Overcoats to Petticoats 16-19;Pidduck). Starting a new look during the 1930s to the 1960s was complicated. Due to WWII; shortage of fabric and materials made outfit choices simpler for woman to choose what to wear. A square shouldered jacket, pencil skirt, with an endearing blouse was an outfit seen everyday around this time. Fashion had took a turn by the 1960s, teenagers wanted to have a different style than their parents did. Designers Mary Quant and Barbara Hulanicki made geometric shaped clothes for young teens, which made it fun and interesting to get dressed every day. Miniskirts had expanded across the world for being known as Americas high fashion. Miniskirts were long skirts cut just above the knees or possibly cut shorter. Dresses were cut to be slimming against the body and bell bottoms were a big hit in the 60s. Men and woman both wore bell bottoms with plat form shoes, due to having that outrageous disco fever. According to Perry Clement, During the 1960s woman would burn their bras and go bra less to fight f or equal rights against men, this was also known as the free love era. During the 1980s, sweaters and leather dresses were worn very tightly to show off body features, also seen on women around this time were halter tops with a shirt that could be tied in a knot to show off stomach features with bell bottom jeans. Throughout the rest of the 1900s, fashion had taken a spin. All the colors became loud and ravishing along with the change of fabrics and new cuts. The pattern schemes were extreme changing from classy to sassy. Hair styles became more advanced changing from long curly hair, to having layered hair, shorter hair or possibly even having up-dos done took affect during the 1900s (Clement; Fashion through the Ages from Overcoats to Petticoats 20-23; Pidduck; Fashion through). Wear what is right for you, and put your own stamp on it. The way people dress these days can be influenced by how people dressed during the nineteenth and twentieth centurys. Every outfit has different materials and accessories combined together to make on look, such as jeans, a stunning blouse, tennis shoes or flats, and accessories. Older fashion has made a fashion statement impacting the lives of everyone now. The way people dress now would not be the way it is if it was not for the nineteenth and twentieth century. The way clothes are cut, the different techniques on colors used, and how people physically wear clothes are all related to how people wore clothes then, due to the success made from fashion over the years (Roppatte 76; ). During this time of the twenty first century, fashion has taken a few steps back. Designers are not only focusing on the next big thing but are also focusing on how to bring the past into the future. Miniskirts are still a major style worn now by teenagers with the added accessory of leggings; which are skin tight multicolored tights, worn underneath the skirt along with a daring blouse. Many women now, wear blue jeans and t-shirts for a more comfortable ensemble. For a night out on the town, V neck blouses with low rise jeans could possibly be worn or for a more elegant look, a long shear gown with matching gloves and high heels could also be seen. New millennium fashion is composed of the 60s, 70s and the 80s mixed together to make the 2000s a major fashion statement. If it was not for fashion designers dedication to making clothes throughout the past years, then many people would not be as involved with fashion as they are today (Roppatte 78). Fashion is a small word, with many different characteristics. Unlike the nineteenth century, we now wear whatever we want whenever we want. The twentieth century changed the output on women by giving them the right to fight for what they wanted to wear. Looking back on fashion in the nineteenth and twentieth centurys has impacted the lives of people every day. Fashion now from then has changed but yet it is still the same in many ways. Do not under estimate what goes out of style, what goes out will always come back.

Polis of Sparta Essay -- History, The Spartan Society

In this essay, I am going to talk about the main features in the polis of Sparta during the archaic period (C800 - 470BC). I will discuss factors such as the importance education, social hierarchy, military status, religious practices, and the role of women. In Sparta, the education and training system of a new-born literally began at birth. With each new child, there was to be inspection of its fitness. The first test came from its mother, the child would be bathed in wine to test its constitution. (Holland, P.81). Following this, it would be taken to the Gerousia, the Spartan council of elders. If they saw in the child any obvious deformations, or signs of weakness in response to simple gestures, it would be deemed unfit and ordered to be discarded on Mount Taygetus, the "Apothetae" (deposits). (Holland, P81). The purpose of this was to keep the Spartan population strong and free of disease. Although they would have had no idea what eugenics were, this was in fact an early form of the activity. As a result, only the healthiest of children would be permitted to live and, effectively, continue in their training. From this point on, the Spartan education and training regime, known as the "Agoge", would play a major role in the upbringing of all male Spartans. (Holland, P84). Rigorous military training would begin for males at the age of seven. To begin with, there would be an emphasis on the importance of the Spartan state, over any self-interest or desires. This continued throughout the training and ensured loyaty to the state first and foremost. (R.L.F. P.71). The boys lived in communal messes and were deliberately underfed to encourage them to steal food. With what food they did have, the Black Broth, which was a so... ...e a single arrow was fired, or a sword drawn. Such was the fear that they imposed upon their enemies, turning their blood to ice with the sight of their impenetrable wall of toughened soliders. (Holland, P76). In conclusion, I think it is clear to see that the unique approach to politics that the Spartan polis used in terms of structure had a significant influence at the time. Admired in their approach to raising respectful, sturdy citizens, they served as a model not just for the structure of a society but also for the development of one of the most important changes in the ancient world – professional soldiers. It could even be argued, I think, that the Spartan constitution was one of if not the first form of democracy, given the nature of the control over kings that the council of Elders had, who were themselves elected by members of the Spartiate population.

Things Fall Apart :: essays research papers

After the stock market crash of 1929, hundreds of people ended their lives because they just couldn't cope with the fact that they had lost such a great deal of money. Some had lost their life savings - but most hadn't. In fact, most of them still had enough to live better than a lot of lower-class families. But why had they committed suicide? Many prisoners who have been institutionalized for thirty or forty years have been known to commit suicide not long after they are released. Why? Isn't freedom a better alternative than imprisonment? The answer to both these questions is the same: CHANGE. Even if the change is for the better, a good number of people can't handle it. In the novel Things fall Apart, the main character Okonkwo is driven to suicide by change he can't handle. The book is written by Cinua Achebe, a twentieth century author. Born in Nigeria, Achebe grew up in a transitional culture much like the one described in the book. He is currently a professor of literature at the University of Nigeria. Many factors can be attributed to the cause of Okonkwo's demise, But the three most drastic ones are: hisson's conversion to Christianity, the change in daily life the new religion brings, and his frustration caused by his apathetic clansmen. Nwoye's conversion to Christianity was a sharp blow to Okonkwo because the Christians are looked down upon as being insane. The missionary tells them that all of the Ibo's gods are false images of wood and stone, and can do them no harm. Upon hearing this, the men of Mbanta decide that 'these men must be mad [for] how else could they saythat Ani and Amadiora were harmless? And Idemili and Ogwugwo too?';(146) The missionary goes on to tell them about the Holy Trinity. 'At the end of it Okonkwo [is] fully convinced that the man [is] mad.';(147) Also, the first members of the new church were the clan's rejects, like Nnka who '[has] had four previous pregnancies and childbirths. but each time she [bears] twins, and they had been immediately thrown away. Her husband and his family were already becoming highly critical of such a woman and [are] not unduly perturbed when they [find that she has] fled to join the Christians. It [is] a good riddance.';(151) The other group of people that join are the osu, or outcasts. The changes the new religion brings almost pushes Okonkwo to the edge.

Sonjas Embrace :: essays research papers

Naked. My reflection mocks me. The morning sun smiles on me, kisses me, holds me. As I begin to appreciate its soothing warmth, it slips away to be replaced with the unforgiving chill of the cold winter morning. Such is life, and such is my love for you. How I dream of your smile, your kiss, your embrace – But these are only dreams, swiftly replaced with reality. The numbing chill of reality is that I will never be good enough for you. And so I will wait forever, longing for Sonja’s embrace. Jaded. My eyes chase their reflection. They become lost within each other, and I wander down the endless tunnel of my eyes. There is light at the end of this tunnel perhaps, but I will never reach it. The ground and the sky are gray, but the walls are painted with pictures of you. There is no sun in the dark world of my eyes, but the paintings of you give it warmth. I can see you now, but I can walk no further. I beg for you, but you turn away. Helpless. I have stepped outside of my mind and into reality; it slaps me across the face. Alone in a room filled with people – I watch you, I hear you. Like a goddess bathing in a river of silk, you look in my direction - but our eyes do not connect - yours go by me, identifying me as the desperate filth that I am. You pass me in the corridor, I breathe deeply, tasting your sweet smell. All of the flowers in the world could not be so satisfying. Like the song of a thousand birds on a spring morning, your voice awakens something within me, but this pleasure I intake only for the short moment you pass. Your beauty is such that I would wish to be blind if I could not see you, and your song such that I could breathe it instead of air. You leave, and I have had my fix for now. Pathetic. You consume all of my thoughts; I am infatuated with you. I enact conversations with you, asking you out for dinner, pretending to be interesting, witty, charming, amusing. I have spent so many days and nights thinking of you, the time has come to act upon these feelings. You are sitting at your table in the crowded room as I approach you.

Winn Dixie

William Milton Davis and his four sons founded Winn-Dixie in 1925 in Miami, Florida. On February 18, 1952, Winn Dixie became the first Florida-based industrial corporation listed on the NYSE. In 2005, the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in â€Å"an effort to address financial and operational challenges that had hampered its performance. † (NYTimes. com) Winn Dixie was having a difficult time trying to overcome competitors, such as Wal-mart, that had blanketed crucial markets, such as Florida. In March 2012, Winn Dixie became a wholly owned subsidiary of BI-LO, another Southeastern supermarket chain, who took over Winn Dixie’s headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida. Currently, Winn Dixie operates more than 480 stores and 380 in-store pharmacies in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi, employing approximately 63,000 individuals. Management Style Winn Dixie stores operate individually in that they all have their own general manager who is in charge of that store. This person is â€Å"responsible for deciding how to create a competitive advantage and achieve high profitability with the resources and capital they have at their disposal. † (pg. 9) The general manager hires functional managers who are responsible for the various departments (ie deli, pharmacy, dry goods, bakery, etc). Functional managers are responsible for â€Å"the specific business functions or operations that constitute a company or one of its divisions. (pg. 11) Therefore, the general manager looks at how the store as a whole is doing and pinpoints areas that need improvement. The GM then tells the functional managers what goals they need to achieve for their specific departments. The functional managers then need to develop a strategic plan in order to get their team to achieve those goals. An example: The GM is alerted to the fact that the customer service is not up to par. They would inform the customer service manager of this fact, and the customer service manager would decide how to get the team to improve customer service. Perhaps an incentive plan that rewards positive customer feedback or better training may be necessary. After a set period, customer service will be re-evaluated to determine if the changes were positive or negative and what can be done to continue improvement.

Going After Cacciato

Waking up from the American Dream in Going after Cacciato (Tim O'Brien) What passing-bells for these who die as cattle? Only the monstrous anger of the guns. Only the stuttering rifles' rapid rattle Can patter out their hasty orisons. (from Anthem for Doomed Youth, Wilfred Owen) Sassoon's epitaph â€Å"All Soldiers are dreamers† at the beginning of the novel functions as a signpost signaling the shape the novel will take. It does not merely deal with brutal horror, it is imagination. Reality and dream, fact and imagination are interwoven.The choice of Siegfried Sassoon suggests the Great War, the English experience of war, which can be compared to the American Vietnam experience, for it had the same impact: total disorientation and national trauma because of lost values. This novel then deals, in story and structure, with the war experience, but also with the US society's influence on that war through the ordinary soldier. The common grunt raised the question how to act proper ly in this horrible situation, in which he even did not know whether his presence was morally justified or not.Yet he concluded that, although he knew this war was just as insane as any other war, he should not run away from his duty. He stayed in the war, because of his personal obligations to society. Not out of idealism, but merely because his people expected him to. In novels dealing with Vietnam we often see veterans coming back into the American society (like in Caputo's Indian Country), but here we are confronted with the country itself. The novel Going after Cacciato deals with the journey to Paris an American soldier fantasizes about.It is November 1968 and Spec. Four Paul Berlin is in his observation tower in Quang Ngai, Vietnam, by the South China Sea, performing his tour of duty, which lasts 365 days for the common grunt, the foot soldier he is. He feels he has come to Nam in another way than soldiers had gone to the Second World War and to Korea. His lieutenant, Lt Cors on had been in Korea, and he was looking back to it with nostalgia: â€Å"In Korea, by God, the people liked us. Know what I mean? They liked us. Respect, that's what it was. And it was a decent war (†¦ The trouble's this: Nobody likes nobody. (p. 134) New were the blindness of war, the inertia, drugs were taking over, the creation of the new word â€Å"fragging†, i. e. killing a superiour officer It all illustrated this war was supposed to be different from those wars in which Paul Berlin's ancestors had fought, with in their mind the American dream. However, Vietnam was not different at all. Soldiers who enthousiastically started their participation in Vietnam, were as quickly traumatized by the killings, as any other soldiers. A war like any other war.Stories that began and ended without transition. No developing drama or tension or direction. No order. (p. 255) When Paul realizes this, the main question for him is how to determine his own place in it. As he does not know an anwer, the possibility, or rather the necessity of dreaming something else in the face of horror, is brought to Vietnam. He starts to think about Cacciato. This bloke fishes in the world's Great Lake Country where everybody says there is no fish. He dutifully goes through all the motions and all of a sudden het gets out, and Paul is intrigued.Paul's squad is sent to go after Cacciato. They are following the unmarked character and find him more and more almost a holy character, less defined as they go along. Finding him a friendly leader almost, they follow him. From soldier among soldiers, he develops into a friendly symbolical figure pointing the way. The seductiveness of Cacciato leads them on. He sheds his war implements. He is that annoying, different, seperate chap who bounces the ball, who nobody can trace and think of, who does not really exist, he has not even got a first name!Cacciato, that just fulfills. Going after Cacciato means â€Å"going after a dream† , following that dream, but it can also mean â€Å"going after to actually get that dream†. Time and time again there is this ambiguity of going on the hunt after Cacciato, or following the Italian on desertion; there is the choice between reality and dream for Paul. Cacciato, who nobody has actually seen, has hit upon an idea which his indeterminance made possible, and it speaks to the imagination. Paul goes after him, catches him, thus completing his mission, but lets Cacciato escape.Cacciato then leads them through the beautiful high country, through orderly Mandalay, normal Delhi, to a beheading in gruesome Tehran, all the way via Athens to Paris; the change of scenery symbolizes the hope Paul first feels, gradually turning into despair and total confusion. His experiences on the way show Paul that he cannot actually leave the war behind. â€Å"Can't get away from it,† Doc mumbled. â€Å"You try, you run like hell, but you just can't get away. † â€Å"It's the truth. † (p. 178) Arrived in Paris and having hugged, outbursts of rain and thunder presage the forthcoming difficulties.Reality soon makes the squad go and hunt down Cacciato again. Oscar, the streetwise Detroit black, insists on the Real Politik of getting Cacciato to save their own skins from punishment for desertion. They have to arrest Cacciato and abandon their dream, because society expects them to do so. â€Å"Oscar's right,† Doc said, and sighed. â€Å"You can't get away with this shit. the realities always cath you. † â€Å"But maybe. † â€Å"No maybes. Reality doesn't work that way. † (p. 275) Paul Berlin is not ready yet to stop Cacciato and lets him escape again. Choosing reality and turning his back on the dream are, however, close at hand.In the promotion scene Paul remembered himself answering questions to a committee that scared the living daylights out of him. â€Å"Why do we fight the war? † they asked him, but at the s ame time the committee told him the answer: â€Å"to win†. Very afraid, he repeated this and got the job. Paul then realizes society urges him to do as he is told, and not to think for himself, as society will do that for him. He has to conform and shut up. He knows this cannot be right, but on the other hand his fantasized run for Paris would have been an equally unhappy experience to him in reality.For fantasy it had been all along. His dream of going after the freedom and peace Cacciato led him to, had all been a dream within a dream. The latter dream was dreamt in order to avoid having to solve the dilemma of staying in or running away from the war. He finally woke up from that dream, for now he had found the answer: he had to go through it; trying to escape and fleeing from social obligations was not according to his background, his personality and his beliefs. â€Å"I fear what might be thought of me by those I love. I fear the loss of their respect.I fear the loss of my own reputation. Reputation, as read in the eyes of my father and mother, the people in my hometown, my friends. I fear being an outcast. † (p. 286) The novel is structured round three elements that are in accordance with the three different activities of Paul Berlin's conscience: reflection, imagination and memories; he is wondering how people die in the war, he thinks about going to Paris and he stands on guard. The killings of war and their stories are told non-chronologically, as if they happen at this very moment.Paul Berlin tries to get things straight, tries to get a chronological list of the men killed. He needs order, wants to keep it straight, but he has problems with this. The structure of the novel reflects the structure of any war: it is confusing and without order, sometimes a mess and going in different directions. The hero solves this problem by making up a story himself. It is a story in the third person, told as a reality, told almost as observed by an omni scient observer, who has no involvement; but at the same time we know they are Paul Berlin's imaginations.All of a sudden this woman comes up in the he-country of Vietnam; only in imagination a beautiful girl is possible there. By the end of the novel the reader knows that the squad never went after Cacciato any further than the hill, and that Paris only denoted the illusion of seeking the Far West. In reality they had always been in the Far East. The unlimited possiblities of the Imagination, as that of the United States and its American Dream as well, fail in the reality of the Vietnam War.Berlin, whose name points to the American commitment to saveguard freedom (by setting up the airbridge to the city of Berlin under siege of the Soviets in 1948) finds himself in a situation in which the values, ideals and intentions of the United States no longer have the absolute meaning they seemed to have in previous wars. In Paris, the heart of Western civilization, Paul Berlin lacked the co urage to free himself, even in his dreams, and reality took over: No question, it was all crazy from the start. None of the roads led to Paris. p. 203) He has to accept that he and his comrades would be the very deserters, who would flee from the original idea of the American Dream, that told them that the only way if you really wanted to overcome all problems is to keep on trying. Only Cacciato, who with his childish simplicity and innocence, with his optimism and his individual power embodies the mythical American loner, he frees himself from the society that tells him what to do. He is, however, lost, together with these values, in the Vietnam War.The American Dream had led young Americans into a place where they had no right to go. They were supposed to fight and defeat the Viet Cong to serve the American nation, but in this war, just like in any other, confusion and death were the real victors; the war served no American purpose at all. The lesson Paul learned from the Vietnam War was far from significant: â€Å"Don' never get shot†. â€Å"There it is,† said Eddie Lazzutti. â€Å"Never. Don' never get shot. † (p. 254) He might have learned that back home in the US as well.So in Vietnam this trail West was a fake one. In Fort Dodge you could build good solid houses, in the wilds of Wisconsin you fraternized with your father who told you, back there, to look for positive things in the war. In Nam, however, there is only the squad, and all of a sudden this â€Å"boom†, like in Billy Boy Watkins' story, the case of the grunt dying of fright. It is the ultimate war story, the story of Vietnam. So Paul starts dreaming his own dream, he rejects the American dream. He nevertheless does not reject reality.Like Arthur Dimmesdale in The Scarlet Letter by Nathanial Hawthorne, he does not want to give in to the code of society, but does not want to be lured into the moral wilderness either. He wants to stay part of that society, although he knows its claims are based on air. â€Å"†¦ it is this social power, the threat of social consequences, that stops me from making a full and complete break. † (p. 286) However nasty the war may be, it is better to take part than to be isolated, so Paul Berlin ends his dream, in order to face reality. bibliography: Going after Cacciato (Tim O'Brien) Walking Point: American Narratives of Vietnam (Thomas Myers)

Partnership Care Nursing: A review of two Peer-reviewed Journals on Care Nursing

Introduction The concept of teamwork in health and social care has a vast literature. For instance, a policy developed by the Department of Health in 2007 mainly focused on eradicating inequalities in health service provision through partnership working between primary care providers and other social care agencies. Today’s healthcare service status demands teamwork, which is particularly true for nurses who have to deal with multiple of factors during their professional service provision. On the same breadth is the increased call for more patients’ involvement in their health, including on the right to make decision and seek legal support on the basis of their health. In other words, every patient receiving healthcare services, including nursing service is entitled to be actively involved in their own care. The philosophy behind partnership working in nursing is based on several concepts and principles: empowerment, autonomy & rights, power-sharing, information sharing, respect, mak ing informed choices, and paternalism. The aim of this paper is to analyse ideas from two different articles by different authors on the topic of nursing, particularly on the partnership working in nursing. Discussions Article I: Patient participation in nursing care: towards a concept clarification from a nurse perspective In their study, â€Å"Patient participation in nursing care: towards a concept clarification from a nurse perspective† Sahlsten et al. (2007) explored the evolution of patient participation, a concept that has not only gained significant transformation overtime, but also brought with it more challenges on definitions and dimensions of patient participation. The authors used focus group interviews to collect data, conducting open interviews on the selected seven groups. While the data gathering took five months to accomplish, the researchers were able to uncover the respondent’s perspectives in depth. While the focus group interviews may have mainly focused on the meaning and implementation of patient participation in line with the study’s aim, the results can clearly reveal what nurses value most in terms of patient participation. Respondents rated equal partners’ participation, co-operation, and shared responsibility as the most significant factors in rel ational nursing (Sahlsten et al., 2007, pp. 635-636). While the aim of the study was to explore â€Å"the meaning of patient participation in the nursing care from a nurse perspective† (Sahlsten et al., 2007, p.632), the review of other authors’ works reveals a plethora of issues in the nursing care and partnership working. The nurse-patient relationship is considered successful when both parties view each other as partners, with the nurse required to use professionalism, knowledge and positive ideas in the implementation of nursing care plan. Patient, on the other hand, is expected to have the intellectual ability to understand and make the right choices with regard to their own nursing care. The authors, however, faults the incongruence relationship between studies conducted in relation to patient participation on one side and definitions, elements and processes in literature and practice on the other side. Although there are a lot of empirical literature on nursing theories and patient participation, the authors claim t hat no empirically grounded theory has ever been established, calling for significant insight into more studies related to the concept of patient participation in their own nursing care. The authors claim that the traditional approach where patients were mere recipient of nursing care has changed, and subsequently replaced by the more active patients who are directly involved in their own care. More importantly, patients’ participation simply means the opportunity for them to participate in their own care, with regular adjustment as the situation may demand. Article II: The relational core of nursing practice as partnership Jonsdottir, Litchfield and Pharris (2004), while exploring â€Å"the relational core of nursing practice as partnership†, focused their analysis on the evolving relational core of nursing care in the backdrop of increased technology use and outcome-oriented approaches. The three authors, unlike their previously outlined counterparts, only focused on critical review of the available literature, espousing the role of evolving dialogue between nurse and patient in terms of partnership nursing and care. While technology is considered in the positive side in terms of medical breakthroughs, experts and general observers alike have associated it with distraction in health care services that need personalised attention including nursing (Jonsdottir, Litchfield and Pharris, 2004, p.241). In retrospect, the authors claim that the distracted modern nurse sees patient as a problem rather than partner to be attended to, consequently obscuring the humanness of nursing experience. To emphasise on the need to correct the deteriorating relational nursing concept in the perspective of partnership, Jonsdottir, Litchfield and Pharris (2004) outline and analyse various research studies that backs the need for nurses to be real partners through presence, care, and attentiveness in every stage of care nursing. The authors categorically state that the patients need medical treatment as priority, but emphasis should also be given to proven holistic approaches to care nursing, which studies have revealed to be equally significant in the overall healthcare. The focus on holistic care nursing should thus be based on dialogue between nurses and patients, for example, where the former should be in a position to explain to the latter why a certain procedure or activity is necessary in the process of care nursing. Conclusion While the two set of authors had different approaches to their respective work, both articles exemplifies harmony in terms of the need for partnership care nursing. One may, however, notice that the former article largely referred to partnership in the perspective of increased patient participation in own care nursing. The latter article mainly focused on partnership as a dialogue between nurse and patient. It is prudent to state that the former authors’ focus on patient elevation is largely due to historical background of healthcare service provision that pushed patients to the periphery of their own health. Nonetheless, the difference in semantics and approach notwithstanding, the two sets of authors agree that both patients and nurses need to collaborate, and view each other as partners rather than either one party feeling superior to one another. After all, it is common knowledge in the health care cycle that post-modern health and social care services requires more than t he post-war’s â€Å"one-size-fits-all† approach that dominated the universal health care service provision more than fifty decades ago. References Jonsdottir, H., Litchfield, M. and Pharris, M.D. 2004. The relational core of nursing practice as partnership. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 47(3), 241-250. Sahlsten M.J., Larson I.E., Sjostrom B., Lindencrona, C.S. and Ploskae. 2007. Patients participation in nursing care: towards a concept clarification from a nurse perspective. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16, 630-637.

Comparing and Contrasting Beowulf and Odysseus Essay

The characters of Beowulf and Odysseus can be considered a contrast between ice and fire wherein one and is violent and uses its strength to consume and subdue while the other is cool and calculating preferring a patient yet affective approach to solving problems. When referring to the characteristics of fire and ice I am referring to Beowulf as fire and Odysseus as ice this is due to the fact that Beowulf uses his brute strength and force of will to combat his foes while Odysseus uses his cunning and wit to trick his foes into submissions. Analysis of Beowulf In the epic of Beowulf, he conquers and defeats 3 enemies, first is Grendel, then the mother of Grendel then finally a dragon. In all three instances Beowulf comes out on top not through using his mind rather by using his enormous strength. In the fight between him and Grendel he used his bare hands to kill the creature since no mortal weapon could supposedly kill it, when fighting the mother of Grendel he was able to escape death due to the armor he was wearing and was able to defeat the creature through the sheer luck of finding a massive sword nearby capable of beheading it. Towards the end of the epic when Beowulf fought the dragon he was able to defeat it only at the cost of his own life and this was due to the fact that his men abandoned him when they saw the fearsomeness of the dragon. From all these examples you can see that Beowulf is a character similar to that of Hercules in Greek mythology who is a slave to his emotions, uses his brute strength to solve problems instead of his brains and in the end succumbs to death by means of fire (Hercules died on a funeral pyre while Beowulf was mortally wounded by a dragon which is an embodiment of fire). We can conclude that in a sense Beowulf was a powerful hero who was famous for his strength but not for his brains, this particular characteristic might be due to the fact that since epic of Beowulf was Germanic in origin and the area at the time of the poems writing was a harsh wasteland the poem embodied elements that would have been relatable to people at the time who valued strength to endure the harsh the environment rather than intelligences. Analysis of Odysseus Odysseus is presented in both the story of Troy and that of the Odysseus as a person who possessed a modicum of great strength but was more famous for his wisdom and intellect. In the story of Troy he was the one who devised the means of entering the gated city by using a massive wooden horse that contained hidden troops that able to enter the city walls, open the gate and let the invasions force in. Throughout the Odyssey we see that Odyssey continuously uses hs mind to escape dire situations, from his escape from the Cyclops that tried to eat him and his men, to charming the witch Circe, to convincing the Phaeacians to lend him a boat to get back to Ithaca, throughout the story we see how Odysseus uses his mind to triumph and escape from most situations. In a sense we can say that Odysseus is the embodiment of a hero that the ancient Greeks admired since he possessed all the qualities that they valued namely an intelligent mind, great strength and above all empathy for his fellow man. Analysis of Beowulf and Odysseus All in all both characters were embodiments of the traits valued by the regions where their tales emerged as such you can say that both Beowulf and Odysseus were ideals that the local populace in their regions wanted to become or live up to. In the end both heroes have their own defining traits and it isn’t exactly a case of who is the better hero but rather who better embodied the spirit of the region they were created in. List of References Hamilton, Edith. â€Å"Mythology Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. † (1942). Warner Books, New York. â€Å"The Incredible Voyage of Ulysses. † Publishers Weekly 257. 8 (2010): 65. KAKUTANI, MICHIKO. â€Å"Odysseus Engages In Spin, Heroically. † New York Times (2010): 1 Clausen, Christopher. â€Å"Epic Distinction. † Archaeology 63. 2 (2010): 8. Moen, Christine Boardman. â€Å"Stepping into the Classics. † Book Links 19. 3 (2010): 43-46.

SUNDAY communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SUNDAY communication - Essay Example Before going to the main discussion the study will define the background and business context of the problems faced by to SUNDAY Communications Ltd in recent times in order to provide logical background of this consultancy proposal. Background Information & Literature Review Choi, Lee and Wong (2001) presented the case study named as â€Å"Sunday communications ltd: A marketing strategy for the wireless future† in order to highlight existing challenges faced by the telecommunication company and challenges regarding future plan of the company. In such context, consideration of the research works of Langlois (2003) reveals the fact that it is very difficult to establish identifiable position in a small market place which is pretty much saturated due to presence of competitors. Same is the condition for Sunday communications ltd which was founded in the year 1994 when the Hong Kong telecom market was already dominated by large telecom players like PCCW-HKT, SmarTone Telecommunica tion Holdings Ltd, Hutchison Telecom (HK) Ltd, New World Telephone and Peoples Phone. There is no doubt that Sunday communications ltd was new entrant and none of existing competitors was ready to give free space to the new entrant. . Garbarino and Strahilevitz (2004) and Harris, Jenkins and Glaser (2006) stated that new entrants need to adopt product differentiation strategy in order to establish distinctive brand image in the mind of customers of a small saturated market. Kotler (2000) pointed out that marketers should increase engagement level of customers while offering low engagement products because customers do no spend much time in making purchase decision for low involvement products like telecom network connections, FMCG goods. Therefore, Sunday communications ltd had two challenges, 1- to establish distinctive brand positioning in the mind of customers of Hong Kong and 2- to compete with existing telecom players in the market with the help of product diversification. Comp etitive pressure on Sunday communications ltd has further increased after Office of the Telecommunications Authority (OFTA) launched Mobile Number Portability (MNP) during 1999. After launching MNP, existing six telecom operators in Hong Kong started competing on price because in newly launched system, subscribers can switch to other network provider without altering the mobile number. Competitors like PCCW-HKT, SmarTone Telecommunication Holdings Ltd, Hutchison Telecom (HK) Ltd, New World Telephone and Peoples Phone not only stopped in reducing the subscription price to attract customers but they even started offering handsets at minimal price to customers. There is story behind the brand name â€Å"Sunday† which was created by the company in order to portray relaxed and easygoing attitude. Another thing is that the company had the plan to launch the brand internationally therefore they thought that using a universal name would help global customers to connect easily (Choi, Lee and Wong, 2001). Sunday communications ltd used product diversification strategy in order to establish distinctive market positioning. Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) service (through mobile Intelligent Network) was speciality of the company while Sunday communications ltd also started offering services like Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), IDD, ISP & portal etc to customers. The company also used aggressive pricing strategy like 24-hour flat subscription rate in order to win the completion. Even, Sunday communications ltd launched SO WAP and ISP (narrow-band dial-up service) which gave users opportunity to access

The Suitability of Visual Representation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Suitability of Visual Representation - Essay Example The legal profession, ideally speaking, is concerned with the truthful administration of justice. Justice means that people are treated fairly and reasonably. The scales of justice are used to portray this image of the legal profession to the public, and perhaps to remind those in the legal profession of their ethical duties to the notion of justice. The scales of justice are simple, and yet they do portray a very powerful message. The scales represent the concept of balance. The image I selected is interesting because there is an obvious imbalance. Perhaps this is to emphasize the presumption of innocence. Perhaps it is in a state of imbalance in order to demonstrate a commitment to freedom and liberty rather than oppression. The burden is on the person claiming a wrong, perhaps the police or a plaintiff in a civil matter, to prove with solid evidence that his claim is valid. This particular scale of justice was taken from the homepage of a defense attorney. His specialty is defending drunken driving cases. This is a very suitable symbol for people under threat of criminal prosecution. The notion of balance seeks to reassure the client and conveys the ideals of the profession. The Windows logo is one that we see almost daily, and even though it is a very simple idea, it is also a very powerful idea. First, technology is always seen as a very futuristic concept. Groups are always trying to improve and innovate. I think this is an excellent logo for Microsoft. The windows themselves are like windows into the future and into knowledge. This logo is telling us that Microsoft is granting us access to information. That is precisely what they create in their business.

Assignemnt in Communication in the 21st Century Essay

Assignemnt in Communication in the 21st Century - Essay Example Internet has redefined the communication with its far reaching implications. The phenomenal growth in the internet user database has not only necessitated formulation of new strategies and policies that would entail active participation of the people, it has also revolutionized the concept of selling by bringing the goods directly to the individuals’ home or office. Effective communication at all levels of office hierarchy is crucial for the challenges and productive outcome of the visionary goals of the organization. Communication through electronic mail or e-mail, as it is popularly known, has made it easier to disseminate information among office staff of various branches, thereby, making it easy for the management to keep them informed regarding every aspects of organizational vision, mission and daily progress. It is a fast and efficient tool of communication leading to quality management. Creation of bulletin board in official sites has become an effective organizational strategy encouraging frank discussion and reactions to company’s decisions and policies. These electronic boards have become extremely popular medium of assessing organizational progress and at the same time, they have been used to solve employee’s grievances in a more democratic manner. This has helped improved working relationship among the people and making cross cultural adjustments easier. One of the boons of internet has been the real time presentation or virtual conferencing which has emerged as an important feature of the internet. It facilitates virtual boardroom discussions with people who might be at different places in the world. Online conferencing is being widely used in medical area where specialists from various fields get together to perform virtual surgeries as well as interact directly with the patients thus eliminating the need for personal interaction. It has become a very cost effective and time efficient tool

Classroom Grading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Classroom Grading - Essay Example Teachers struggle to balance achievement, effort, talent, student background, and context, and seem hesitant to make their criteria explicit and public for fear of losing the ability to individualize their grading practices. However, in their struggles to be fair to individual students and to use grades for motivational purposes, teachers may not realize that they are not holding all students to the same standards. Blanke (1999) admits "The ethics of grading begins with a determination of the educator's goals" (136). According to Marzano (2000), grades are needed for: (a) administrative purposes to control students' performance; (b) for instructional planning, (c) feedback for students; (d) "guidance to students about future course work" (e) motivational purposes (45). Concerns about consistency of grading have received the most empirical attention in large scale programs rather than in classroom assessments. Marzano (2000) explains that: "there is no right way or wrong way to design grades, there are ways that fit best with a given set of assumptions or beliefs" (47). The grades should include academic achievements of the students and their efforts during the course. The grades should evaluate thinking and reasoning skills, work completion and participation (Marzano 35).

Analysis of Piracy and Plagiarism Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of Piracy and Plagiarism - Case Study Example However, one may point out that the need to create pirated movies has been influenced by the high prices or original versions of similar content. This counter-argument may not justify the practice. The price of movie production has increased significantly. For this reason, the consumer should appreciate the art of movie production. From a financial perspective, the cost incurred in the production process can only be compensated if consumers purchase the product at an appropriate price. The desired profit ratio cannot be acquired through the sale of pirated movies. Karaganis is the assumption that the price of pirated movies is almost 60% less of the price of the original DVDs. The rise of pirated movies has influenced the growth of television networks that offer alternative modes of consumer access to movies. For instance, the growth of television networks such as Netflix has been influenced by the need to create cheaper ways that consumers may access movies legally. However, the gro wth of such networks has been cited as a negative impact on the sale of original DVDs. Regardless, the trend is embraced hugely as it increases the level of exposure of movies. Strauss asserts that television networks offer a legal alternative that may substitute piracy to a consumer population seeking cheaper options. Another significant effect of piracy is the increased release of counterfeit movies with low quality. This dents the reputation of movie makers. However, if a consumer acquires a counterfeit movie they may not create a negative perception of the movie maker since they may understand the circumstances of which the movie was accessed. But, production of counterfeit movies of low quality does allow the consumer to capture the real creativity and effort of the movies made.

Finance and Accounting Math Problem on Cooperate Finance

Finance and Accounting on Cooperate Finance - Math Problem Example Contribution from the parents would be invested at 6% annually for a period of 3 years. However the remaining amount will be raised from Aunt Hilda’s gift. So, at the moment, the future value of the contribution from the parents would be calculated and then this future value from the parents would be deducted from $10,000 to find the future value of the amount that would be raised from the Aunt Hilda. Once this amount is identified, the present value of Aunt Hilda gift will be calculated to identify the amount required from her. Parents would contribute $5,000 and that will be invested for 3 years at 6%. Therefore the future value of $5000 after 3 years would be FV = $5000 (1+ 6%) ^ 3 FV = 5,955 As the total value after 3 years required would be $10,000. So, after three years amount required for the trip except from the contribution of the parents would be $10,000 - $5,955 = $4045 $4,045 would be the amount that would be needed after 3 years. So, this is the future value of th e gift of Aunt Hilda. As this amount would be invested for three years at 10% therefore the present value of this amount would be: PV = 4,045 / (1 + 10%) ^ 3 PV = $3,039 Therefore, $3,039 would be taken from Aunt Hilda as gift. Question #2 Quark industries has four potential projects and the summary and expected cash flows of these projects have been shown below: Project M Project N Project O Project P Year 0 -2,000,000 -2,000,000 -2,000,000 -2,000,000 Year 1 500,000 600,000 1,000,000 300,000 Year 2 500,000 600,000 800,000 300,000 Year 3 500,000 600,000 800,000 300,000 Year 4 500,000 600,000 400,000 300,000 Year 5 500,000 600,000 200,000 300,000 Rate 6% 9% 15% 22% The above table shows the cash flows of each of these projects. In order to determine which project should be accepted, Net Present Value will be used. Net Present value discounts the future cash flows of the project and identifies its work in present (McLaney, 2009). After using the NPV following values have been identifi ed of each of the project: Project M Project N Project O Project P Rate 6% 9% 15% 22% NPV $100,171.60 $306,230.05 $285,765.03 ($935,170.55) Ranking 3 1 2 The above table shows that the project N would be the most feasible one for Quark industries. Ranking has been made that is showing that the Quark industries should invest first in Project N and then in Project O and then in Project M. The company should not invest in Project P as it has a negative NPV. References McLaney, E. (2009). Business Finance: Theory and Practice, New Jersey, Pearson Education Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jordan, B. (2009). Fundamentals Of Corporate Finance Standard Edition, New York,

Journal # 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal # 1 - Essay Example Internship is an elemental component of nursing leadership where nursing students get to experience various professional scenarios first hand. The first day of Masters in Nursing Leadership internship at The Lake County Community Health Center involved meeting Damaris, M. She is the director of the family case management, nurse family, pregnancy prevention and health-works program. The meeting acted as introduction to what the internship entailed including the number of times such meetings were going to take place in a week. A notable engagement during the internship period was taking part in preparing for an upcoming performance review for the department (Clark 72). This created an opportunity for one to learn what is required in the operations of such a department. The internship also offered invaluable pointers onto the viability of my intended project. This was in the sense that it provided for a chance to remedy all the shortcomings of the project. The internship experience worked towards improving the content and context of the nursing leadership

The different ways in which good is used in meta-ethics Essay Example for Free

The different ways in which good is used in meta-ethics Essay Examine the different ways in which good is used in meta-ethics Anything people approve of must be good Discuss. Meta-ethics is the part of ethics which investigates the true nature of ethical statements and its other properties. It questions what it is to be morally right or wrong. Meta-ethics goes into two categories; these being cognitivism and non-cognitivism. Cognitivists or Natrualists say that moral statements describe the world. If I were to say that murder is wrong, then the cognitivist would say that I have recognised an asset of wrongness to the act of murder. Whether or not murder has an asset of wrongness is objective, therefore this statement is either objectively true or false. However Ethical Naturalism states that good can be defined, therefore an action is able to be found good or bad by studying the empirical evidence and weighing up all the facts, hence moral statements can be verified and falsified. They also base their views on that on that good is found in fulfilling the purpose of the object, this is based on the Aristotelian views. So if we were to analyse euthanasia to see whether it is good we would have to gather the evidence and weigh out the good points and the bad points, and how it relates to everybody involved happiness. This is much like the hedonic calculus in utilitarianism where everybody is considered in the decision making process. The word good is used by Ethical Natrualists to describe a certain act that has been proven by the empirical evidence to give the highest amount of happiness and is found to have no or a minor bad effect. Intuitionists or non-naturalists believe that you cannot analyse good as a property, so therefore cannot believe in anything that people recognise as good. They also believe that if it is contradicted a duty you ought to know, as in the Prima Facie Duty. Intuitionists approve of actions as they believe it is your intuition that is telling you to make a decision, in a sense you know always what to do in moral or ethical dilemmas, we have a priori sense of moral truths. R Therefore if your moral intuition is telling them what there doing, or about to do is good then Intuitionists would approve of this act. However one could then argue that then if your moral intuition is telling you that it is good to murder then in a sense they may have to approve of this action if it is a priori knowledge that this is what they think is good. This is a main criticism of Intuitionism as everyones intuition varies subjectively according to every individual. Peoples views vary, for example some by claim that they instinctively know that that taking drugs is wrong, but others may disagree. This seems to show intuition comes from social conditioning and how one is raised, rather than having a priori knowledge of good and bad. Thus, meaning that ethical and moral intuition varies between different cultures and backgrounds. On the other hand, some other ethical theories suggest that we dont gain or have this moral intuition we learn how to deal with moral dilemmas intellectual, moral and cardinal virtues in Virtue Ethics; or in Kantian Ethics we act throughout a sense of duty and reason. Cognitivists believe that good is what we can prove to be a result of empirical evidence, so when we bring all the facts together the end result shows that it is good. Emotivism is a branch of Cognitivism which was brought about by A.J Ayer, in Emotivism he suggested that by making a moral statement one is expressing the personal feelings and within them are trying to persuade others to do as they are with that moral statement; he believed that analytical and synthetic statements are the only significant statements. Therefore Ayer thought by using the word good we are subjectively showing what we feel to be good consequently making the word meaningless and not objective. Ayer followed on his work from philosophers such as G.E Moore, David Hume and Ludwig Wittgenstein whom was part of the Vienna Circle who invented Logical Positivism which is the theory that any true claim has to be proven by sense experience therefore concluding that ethical statements cannot me true claims as they cannot be verified through sense experiences. This agrees with Ayers claim that ethical statements are a product of feelings. Non-cogntivists however make a clear difference between facts and values believing that no ethical statement can be proved right or wrong, or similarly good or bad e.g. abortion is wrong. Within Non-cogntivism lies Prescriptivism. It tells us what ought to be done and that these statements are moral because they are universal. Hare believes ethical statements to be universal because when you say, you ought to do this it relates to everyone in that or similar situation, as he considered ethical statements to be imperatives. He also saw the difference between the two types of the usage of the word good, it can be used as an adjective e.g. It is a good chair, and in the prescriptive sense; in telling others what is correct and right. Perscriptivists believe if we state something to be good that we are approving of something and therefore are saying others should approve of it too. Hare would then say that if people are approving of this action then the action is good. Overall, contained within Non-cognitivism; Emotivists and Perscriptivists both believe that the word good is subjective and is way for us to prescribe or persuade our opinions onto others, therefore giving the word no objective moral truth. The statement Anything people approve of must be good can be discussed by Cognitivists; they would look at whether or not people would approve of action as empirical evidence. They would not agree with this statement due to the fact may be seen to others as wrong, or may cause some sort of pain, and may stop the fulfilment of a purpose. G.E Moore states that by proving ethical statements commits the naturalistic fallacy, which is that the word good cannot be defined by using natural facts. This idea by Moore is based on work by David Hume who said an is cannot result from an ought, in conclusion Moore and Hume would disagree with the above statement; as we cannot define the word good. Moore believed that good is an unanalysable property in which we use to describe what we know from our moral intuition (Intuitionism).

Peru Essay Example for Free

Peru Essay The country of Peru is entrenched in a colourful history of wonder and innovation. This South American country has a diverse array of cultures, lands, foods and languages amoung other distinct and unique attractions. Peru is best known for its Incan mystical historic site, Machu Picchu and the Nazca Lines. Peru also consists of the world’s highest navigable lake, Lake Titicaca which it shares with Bolivia. Despite Peru’s large pallet of exclusive appeals however, it does have internal problems in relation with its socio-economic realm; which has hindered its advancement as a society in many ways. Some problems in Peru revolve around poverty, a growing gap in inequality, and extreme debt to foreign corporations and organization such as the International Monetary Fund. Due to these problems and many others Peru remains a developing nation. This report will consist of four sections that will fully explore Peru and its people. The four sections are geography, society, economy, and the political system of Peru. Geography: Peru as a whole has an area of 1,285,216 km? in its territory. The countries of Ecuador (1,529 km border) and Colombia (1,506 km) border Peru to the north, while Brazil (border 2,822 km) and Bolivia (1,047 km) border Peru to the east. Chile (border 169 km) and Bolivia also border Peru to the south. Peru’s landscape can be best classified by three distinct regions. These regions are made up of a coastal region running parallel to the Pacific Ocean sea line, the highlands (the Andes), and the Eastern lowlands more specifically the jungle (the Amazon). Each section is distinct in its own characteristics which make Peru a diverse country. The coastal region of Peru houses Peru’s capital Lima amoung other large cities (such as Trujillo, and Chiclayo). This region is paramount for aquatic life and rich in gorgeous beaches. The highland region of Peru contains the Andes Mountains. This region is most known for the city of Cuzco (the highest above sea level city in the world). The land located there is also rich in valuable minerals (such as gold, copper, silver, gold, petroleum, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash which in turn has attracted a lot of corporations) . This region is also known for Machu Picchu, which is a historic landmark where the nobles and kings of the Incan empire once lived (the indigenous Peruvians). This site is also considered to be a mystical spot, a centre of worship, and an astronomic observatory for the Incas that have attracted a lot of tourists . Along the slopes of this region also lies the Altiplano plateau (a dry basin). This region more specifically is located near southeastern Peru. This section also borders Chile and is known for the Atacama Desert (the driest place on earth). In this desert located between the coastal region and the Andes lies Nazca. This land is also very famous for its ‘Nazca lines’. These lines are massive imprints of animal figures and other designs stretching across the desert which have remained there for centuries. To the East of Peru lies a massive tropical jungle named the Amazon Forest (the biggest in the world, it is as large as Western Europe or the whole of the US) . The Amazonian forest is the habitat of thousands of different species of animals and plants. It also is famous for medicines found there. The Amazon also contains one of the biggest rivers in the world named the Amazon River ‘its length lies anywhere between 6,259 km (3,889 miles) and 6,800 km (4,225 miles). It has over 1,000 tributaries, 8 of which are over 2,000 kilometers’ . To the very South of Peru integrated with Bolivia is Lake Titicaca (the highest navigable above sea level lake in the world) . Geographically Peru is very rich in resources and beauty, but for that same reason Peru faces significant environmental and political consequences. Some problems associated with Peru and its land is deforestation (some the result of illegal logging mostly in the Amazon regions); overgrazing of the slopes of the costal region and highland region leading to soil erosion; desertification; and other hazards such as air pollution especially in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes . These problems have greatly limited Peru from retaining a healthy and secure environment for its citizens. Despite Peru’s problems with its environment, the majority of the Peruvian society cannot be completely held responsible. There are issues (such as powerful politicians and foreign investors) which greatly deprive Peruvian citizens from having the ability to truly govern themselves. Society: Peruvian society is highly stratified between the rich and the poor. Peru’s total population consists of 27,167,000 inhabitants. 71% of which subsists in urban areas while 29% of Peru’s total population lives in rural areas. There is a distinct difference in quality of life between the Peruvians who live in urban areas versus the people who live in rural areas (which is predominately poorer). Peru’s ethnicities are mainly divided by Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3%. The official languages of Peru are Spanish (official), Quechua (official, spoken by the indigenous), and Aymara. The Spanish language in Peru is predominately used due to Peru’s history of colonization by Spain during the 1520s. Also because of the colonization of Peru, 90% of the Peruvian population is Roman Catholic. Peru in terms of specific characteristics of their overall population is quite common for a third world. According to the World Bank the average life expectancy for a Peruvian citizen is seven one years old. According to the World Health Organization, the life expectancy for most males in Peru is sixty-eight years old. While for females seventy-three years old is the most common age of death. The World Health Organization also explains that in Peru child mortality rates per thousand people are thirty-six for males and thirty-two for females; and for adults it is one-hundred and ninety-three for males, and one-hundred and thirty-three for females. Uncommon however to most third world countries, Peru’s literacy rates above the age of fifteen who can read and write for all of Peru’s population is 88% (95. 2% for males, and 86. 8% for females). For the most part, Peru’s social situation is extremely interconnected with Peru’s economy and its division of power. Economy: Peru’s economy is very dependent on foreign investment and aid. Like most developing nations, Peru is rich in natural resources, but poor in efficiency in retaining economic sovereignty in relation to the international market. Peru is heavily into debt with foreign corporations. According to the World Bank, as of 2006 Peru’s total debt per GDP was 30. 2 billion dollars US. According to the same source Peru’s total debt in service and exports as of 2006 was 12. 9 billion dollars US. This massive debt that Peru is chained to drastically diminishes Peru’s ability to have true sovereignty and the ability to provide the best interests for its people. For this reason 11% of Peru’s population lives below one dollar US per day (1995-2005) . But although a lot of Peruvians live in poverty, the country’s economic growth rate has been going up. It was said by Peru’s â€Å"Economy and Finance Minister Luis Carranza †¦ that Peru’s 2007 economic growth was 8. 3 percent, the highest since 1994† . This ironic actuality exposes the degree of inequality in Peru. If the nation itself seems to be improving, then so should the conditions of its people; but this is not true in this case. From a purely economics standpoint the World Bank dictates that Peru’s annual average annual growth of GDP per capita was 7. % in 2007. The World Bank also states that Peru’s main economic centers and industries are set up as follows: By percent of GDP, Peru’s agriculture sector is 6. 3%, the industry sector is 35. 2%, the manufacturing sector 15. 1% and Peru’s biggest sector being services accounts for 58. 5%. To give a better idea of what Peru offers to the international market in terms of exports, Peru is ‘the worlds leading silver producer and ranks second in copper and zinc†¦ Among other products, Peru is a global supplier of asparagus, fish, grapes, and organic bananas’ . These statistics show that Peru does have the ability to compete in the international market if it could set its own prices for the goods it exports and if it were not in debt to international organizations. But because Peru must oblige to institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World Trade Organization, Peru has no chance of removing the shackles of foreign power. Political System: Peru politically is a republic and contains a multi-party system that sponsors a president. The capital of Peru is Lima, and it is here where the President of Peru Mr. Alan Garcia Perez situates his reign . The major political parties in Peru are the Peruvian Aprista Party or PAP (Alan Garcia Perez is the leader of this party); the Independent Moralizing Front or FIM; the National Unity (Unidad Nacional) or UN; Peru Posible or PP; Popular Action or AP; Solucion Popular; Somos Peru or SP; and the Union for Peru or UPP. Peru has a democratic system where a president is elected through a party. The government similar to the North is divided into three branches the Executive, the Legislative made up by 120 members of the Congress who are elected for a five year-period; and the Judiciary, made up by the Supreme Court. Peru politically is in turmoil with its people. There are many groups such as the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) who oppose the neo-liberal type of government in Peru. Peru does have free democratic elects but history has shown in Peru (especially with president Fujimori) that most politicians have become corrupt and weak to foreign influences (especially the USA). To conclude the Peruvian people need to come together to conquer the influence of Western capitalism, inequality, and the rule of the elites in Peru. If Peru ever wishes to become truly independent and fair for all its citizens it must break off ties with dominating international organizations and nationalize a lot of its markets. Only when Peru is free of debt and agreements which favor the wealthy of Peru instead of all of its citizens will Peru find true development. Peru must utilize its vast amount of resources to help all of its citizens not just the elite.